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This is normal. It happened to me a year ago after I had replaced a 3GS with a 6 Plus. There were 2 photos on the 3GS that had not sync'ed to my other devices. But it had been 2 months since I last turned on the 3GS and I could not recall the passcode.

When I got to where it made me wait 15 minutes, I found that if I connected the 3GS to iTunes and started a backup, it asked for me to enter the passcode on the 3GS. I then clicked cancel on the backup, disconnected the 3GS and the 15 minute wait was not required. At least, not until my passcode retries reached the limit again. Repeated scenario until I finally got the passcode correct.
Confirmed this in some way, I did it with my iPad Air 2 recently I was locked out and it said connect to iTunes and I connected it and disconnected it during backup and it gave me a few attempts
 
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