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It really doesn't-a mean diddly squat. DisplayPort 1.2 has a bandwidth of 17.28 Gbit/s, barely sufficient to display 3840×2160×30 bpp @ 60Hz (unless you outsmart or redefine the DisplayPort specifications).
This is Apple we are talking about. To make the original 30" Cinema Display they used DVI-Dual Link, it doubled bandwidth and they were to my knowledge the first to ship a Dual-Link equipped graphics card, the NVIDIA 6800 Ultra.

And Apple has already said that the new Mac Pro will be able to output to 4K displays. If you've not noticed, it only has Thunderbolt ports. Apple claims it can run up to three 4K displays simultaneously.

Do a little research next time.

4K UHD is 3840x2160, you've talked about 5120x2880, and Dual-DisplayPort falls under outsmarting/redefining DisplayPort. In which regard shall I do research now?
 
4K UHD is 3840x2160, you've talked about 5120x2880, and Dual-DisplayPort falls under outsmarting/redefining DisplayPort. In which regard shall I do research now?

Well for starters you should research Thunderbolt 2 which can do 20Gb/s which is what Apple is using on their displays and their new Macs. It is higher than the 17.28Gb/s you're quoting for Display Port 1.2

It is entirely possible for Apple to do it and they could even use new LCD adaptive technology that only sends updates for the parts of the screen that actually changed whilst the LCD panel has a buffer to retain previously sent parts that didn't change. This alone could drastically lower bandwidth usage.

Finally we have to consider that these screenshots could merely be for the iMac which has an integrated display and with that Apple could do anything they want not needing to adhere to any specific display technology specifications, they could use Display Port as a base and overclock it.

My point is, these huge wallpapers that are directly 4x the resolution of the iMac instead of being 4K res indicates they are planning ahead for a time when they will offer a Retina display on at-least the iMac. It is the only logical explanation and you can't just say that means diddly-squat by quoting Display Port 1.2 specifications as we have cases in the past where Apple has gone outside of currently available standards to deliver a product.

The DVI-Dual Link was one example, but Mini-Display Port itself is another, Apple created that entire connector just to make their notebooks smaller, then they used that same connector for Thunderbolt because the USB industry body didn't want Thunderbolt piped through their connector. There are lots of examples, take your pick.
 
...or you could use it as a panoramic wallpaper for four 27" 1440p displays on a mount like this:
997560200.jpg
 
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