You don't have to run through the installed to get the driver.
Follow these steps:
1. Mount the DMG
2. Right click on the Install and select: Show Package Contents
3. Navigate to: Contents/Packages
4. Right click on the 510 Series Driver.pkg and select: Show Package Contents
5. Navigate to: Contents/Resources
6. Double click on the Archive.pax.gz
7. It will unzip to your Downloads folder (you should be taken there in Finder)
8. You now have the driver for the 510 Series, it is named 510SeriesPM.plugin
9. Copy that file (Command + C)
10. Navigate to /Library/Printers
11. If there is a Lexmark folder , open it, if not create it (Command + Shift + N)
12. Paste the driver into the Lexmark Folder.
If this is too much, download the zip I am linking to, it includes the driver and start at step 9.
At step 4, you could simply run that package and see if it will install.
I do not know if the rest of the things are needed, I do not think they are. The .plugin contains the PDEs and the necessary data.
I will tell you that this driver is different than how other currently work since 10.5. I wouldn't be surprised if you have to navigate to the driver manually when setting up the printer.
If you have any questions let me know.
http://tinyurl.com/y9et5xq