As far as storing photos goes, I like to have my photos setup in an order like Documents>2012>Event XYZ - and within the "Event XYZ" folder, I have a folder for RAW images, a folder for JPEGs, the LR Catalog, and any associated documents (in my case, usually a wedding contract, notes for the day, album design, etc). I usually do a separate catalog for each event/wedding/session since there are hundreds if not thousands of photos - but for personal photography, I just have one catalog for each year, and then different folders within that catalog for various events.
For the Develop module, there's really a lot you can do. I typically bump up the contrast and vibrancy a little, bring up the shadows a bit and bring down the highlights a bit - that's my basic edit I do to nearly all photos. It's nothing fancy, but it makes the photos a little more dynamic. Of course, it all depends on what you want the photo to look like, and I'll do different things to a portrait than I would a landscape or something. Poke around Youtube and you'll find lots of good videos with tutorials.