Thought I'd share my experience...
Have an early 2009 Macbook. After five years of ownership, the screen suddenly went dark but I could still make out the screen image. Turning the brightness down all the way, then turning it up again brought the brightness back to normal for a while. But the screen would go dark again suddenly and I'd have to fiddle with the brightness again. This became more frequent over a week until this finagling wouldn't work anymore.
The problem turned out to be a failing backlight. The CCFL backlight is embedded at the bottom of the screen and adjustment of its intensity controls the brightness of the screen. The part can be acquired from online retailers or ebay. I found ebay to be the cheapest place, the bulb+shipping was $13 (compared to $30 from an e-tailer). It was not quite Apple quality--the wires were a bit thicker and the rubber fittings were not exactly the same shape, but it works fine.
The replacement of the bulb is the most challenging repair you can do to the MacBook. You not only have to remove the screen (challenging, but doable), but you have to open the screen, replace the delicate bulb without breaking it, and put everything back together. It took at least 4 hours, plus I had to order a second bulb when I broke the first. It is highly recommended you buy two bulbs if you plan to fix this yourself. For most people, simply replacing the LCD screen ($80) is probably the safest, easiest option and what I would recommend.
Excellent instructions to remove/replace the LCD are located on ifixit. However, there are no instructions to replace the backlight bulb. Here's a quick list of instructions from memory.
1. After removing the LCD, at the bottom of the screen, lift up the tape holding the panel that runs the length of the screen. Be careful not to twist the delicate metal panel.
2. Remove the two screws holding the metal panel to the screen. The metal panel should pull straight out, do not try to pry it or you will bend it and have a difficult time reinstalling everything. Notice how it was installed. Take a picture before removing it.
3.Remove the CCFL bulb, the metal "pocket" for the bulb and the plastic thing. Notice how everything is put together. Take a picture before you pull it apart.
4. Remove the old bulb and notice carefully how it is installed in the metal pocket and how the wires wrap around the plastic piece.. Put the new bulb in and wrap the wires around the plastic piece. Carefully put everything back into the base of the screen, plastic piece goes first. Be gentle as the bulb is more delicate than it looks. You shouldn't have to use much force if you've assembled it correctly. If you find things are not fitting together, consider whether you are assembling it correctly.
5. Put the metal panel on correctly and tighten the screws.
6. Follow the fixit instructions in reverse to reinstall the LCD.
Unfortunately, there's no way to test if this works until you button the MacBook back up. But you can leave the screen bezel off, etc. to test. Make sure you don't knock the cable out of the inverter board, as this is easy to do.