Some of the posts above contain wrong/misleading information on price and other issues. The following are US prices based on current street prices for the cards:
Black Magic eGPU with RX 580: $700 plus tax
Sonnet 350w Breakaway Box with RX 580: $400 plus tax
Black Magic eGPU Pro with RX Vega 56: $1200 plus tax
Sonnet 350w Breakaway Box with RX Vega 56: $600 plus tax
There is no meaningful difference in setup time between the Black Magic and Sonnet solutions.
The Black Magic eGPUs can’t be upgraded whereas standard GPU enclosures can be. The significance of this should not be underestimated. In my case, I purchased an Asus XG Station Pro enclosure and RX 590 card, and later replaced the card with a Vega 56. I am considering the new Vega II card that AMD is releasing next month.* Alternatively, I may replace the Vega 56 with an AMD Navi card when they are released later this year, or with an Nvidia card when and if drivers become available for macOS. I could not do any of this with a Black Magic eGPU.
Most, if not all, stand-alone RX 580 and RX Vega 56 video cards require the monitor to have an HDMI, DisplayPort or DVI input.
In my view, purchasing a Black Magic eGPU is a spectacular waste of money if your monitor has HDMI, DisplayPort or DVI inputs for your desired resolution.**
* This card may require a more powerful enclosure/power supply than the Asus.
** If the monitor requires USB-C, it may well be possible to use an adapter.