With existing drives, yes. As the newer ones come out, NO, as the '08's are only capable of 3.0Gb/s. You'd need a 6.0Gb/s card or go with a PCIe based flash drive to exceed what the current line of SSD's can do.
It does actually, but more to do with the CPU & chipset (SATA spec used as well as the means of connecting the chipset to the CPU).
In the case of the '09 systems, there's the real potential for problems with SSD's due to the throttling issue (all ports limited to ~660MB/s). QPI is used to attach the chipset to the CPU on the '09 MP systems.
But that's
not the case on the '08 MP's, as it's DMI used to connect the chipset to the CPU for HDD data. The throttling issue doesn't exist on these.
And I wouldn't touch that Highpoint card, as most of their stuff is junk (save the RR43xx line).