Did your kid go to macOS Recovery? A firmware password can only be set there.
In post #1 OP wrote: My son is in highschool so I lent him the macbook. I dont have a clue what he did, but he somehow he locked it.
Now, with all respect, it's not difficult to imagine a teenager getting into a world of mischief online. Perhaps son & helpful friend locked the MBP on purpose to keep certain activities forever in the dark? Speculating here.
(BTW, "being in highschool" is not sufficient reason to lend son one's work computer!)
Was computer part of a severance package?