Tried to create a new folder on the Mavericks Desktop. Nothing appeared. Tried again. Nothing appeared. Restarted Mavericks & two new folders then appeared on the Desktop.
That's really odd. I've been using Mavericks since DP4 and I have never came across that bug. Can you re-create the bug? The reason I ask is because if not, it could have just been something to do with Spotlight re-indexing after the update to Mavericks on your machine.