5. Conclusion
We have reviewed recent progress on liquid crystal displays from three key display metrics: fast response time, wide colour gamut, and high contrast ratio, which affect the final-perceived image quality. Firstly, we investigate how response time affects the motion blur, and then discover the 2-ms rule. With ultra-low viscosity material, advanced structure design, and new operation mode, LCDs with comparable MPRT to OLED displays can be realized. Next, we propose a novel backlight configuration to improve an LCD’s colour gamut. A functional reflective polarizer (FRP) is working with a patterned half-wave plate to suppress the crosstalk between blue and green/red lights. In experiment, 97.3% Rec. 2020 in CIE 1976 colour space is achieved, which is approaching the colour gamut of a laser projector. Finally, to enhance an LCD’s contrast ratio, a novel device configuration is proposed by adding an in-cell polarizer between LC layer and colour filter array. The CR of a VA LCD is improved from 5000:1 to 20,000:1. To enlarge CR to 1,000,000:1, local dimming backlight could be implemented. Along with other outstanding features, like high peak brightness, high-resolution density, long lifetime, and low cost, LCD would continue to maintain its dominance in the foreseeable future.
