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In my mind a workstation is defined by stability above all else. Nothing matters more to a business or research group more than accuracy and reliability. Uptime must be defined in years, not days. Memory errors should be self correcting or throw an exception. Redundancy is often used in the storage systems. Upgradability and expandability are important as well, but not nearly as much as being completely confident in your computer.

I believe that you describe the attributes of a server, not a workstation.

When Apple first released the Macbook Air, same question emerged: Is this really a laptop ? And what defines a laptop ? Time showed that the MBA was indeed a laptop, heck, maybe one of the most successful laptops in history.

The nMP might be the next big thing in workstations market. Or it might be proved a total failure. The only thing for sure is that it relies heavily on external help to get successful. Apple bets on Thunderbolt peripherals (that now are few and very expensive).

I guess I mean that only time will tell.
 
4. They "Bastardized" Final Cut Pro! (video editing software). With the uproar they received they are scrambling to make the next FCPX "usable". The flood gates to Avid and Adobe opened!
Except that Adobe is driving people away with its Creative Cash "vision", and Avid are hardly a stable platform either!

But I digress.
 
CPU Power

Not debating the merits of a Dual CPU vs a Single CPU. Obviously 2 CPU's are more powerful then 1 CPU, ( presuming that using the same CPU used for the 1 CPU and 2 CPU )

However as I understood this thread then it is a question of does the nMP qualify as a Workstation.

We were given a base definition from the thread starter to qualify against.

Are we now expanding on that description to say that Dual CPU is a requirement to be considered a Workstation.

If we are going to take Dual CPU as a requirement then are we saying that the Single CPU Mac Pro 4,1 and 5,1 are NOT workstations, simply as they don't have 2 CPU's.

Are we trying to say that a 12 Core CPU isn't powerful ( the definition given to us and which I personally think would be like trying to argue 1 CPU is better then 2 of the same CPU), or is it that it isn't powerful enough for what some users need, and they require the ability to put that second CPU in there to get even more power. At that point however you are really making a different case, in that it isn't powerful enough, not that it isn't a powerful machine.

If a Dual CPU capability is a requirement, then can we expand on why a Dual CPU is a requirement for a Workstation. I see a lot of mention of the HP Z820 Workstation. What about the Z420 which is a single socket machine. Is that not a Workstation, it has Xeon Processor, ECC RAM, Firepro and Quadro GPU Option, 8DIMM Slots, Multiple PCI-E slots, 3 x 3.5" Drive Bays, 3 x 5.25" Drive Bays so it appears to tick the boxes, other then a Second CPU socket. Or is simply that it is a less powerful workstation then the Z820 workstation, but still a workstation.

Memory Capability

At the risk of upsetting people I didn't see cost listed in the definition of what makes a Workstation.

As such whilst I am more then happy to accept that 32Gb RAM Sticks are expensive, ( you really can't dispute it ) it will allow you to get upto 128Gb of RAM in the nMP. If Apple are selling the box on that capability then they must believe that they have sufficient RAM available to supply this too people that want them.

Yes won't be cheap, but is it will be possible.

Again I see this as a "Is 128Gb RAM not a powerful machine". Yes 8 RAM Slots would allow you to achieve more cheaply or would allow for if future OSX releases support more then 128Gb RAM to expand past the 128Gb limit that Apple have imposed on us. However there wasn't a price included in the definition of what a Workstation was from the Thread Starter.

Incidentally whilst the Z420 Workstation from HP has 8DIMM Slots, they only apparently support upto 64Gb of RAM in it. So has twice the number of RAM Slots and half the capability of the nMP.

I would agree that Price will be part of whether the product sells well or not, but is Price going to determine what a product is.

CPU Power and RAM seem to be the two main things being discussed about at the moment, which is why commented on them specifically.

If I have misunderstood any of this then please clarify for me.
 
Asks question.
Answers own question.
Backs up answer by dropping computer brand buzzwords from 60 years ago.

This thread is going places!
 
I'd like to point out that nobody in this thread has yet defined what a "workstation" truly is, exactly.

I've heard one person say a "workstation" may have an opteron or xeon, and may have ECC RAM. When I offered up a Xeon running non-ECC RAM, or an i7 running ECC RAM on LGA 2011, I get nothing but crickets.

There IS NO strict, universal definition of workstation, and anyone choosing to define it is being pedantic. There are a lot of "borderline" motherboards / configurations that can be viewed either way. There are a lot of old workstations whose feature-sets are found commonly in PCs today and a lot of current non-workstation configurations that would've been called workstations 5 years ago. Does obsolescence remove the "workstation" moniker from previously high-powered machines?

The best anyone can do is take what is out there and say that the current "workstations" tend to have one set of features or another. As such, the nMP will definitely be on the borderline when it comes out and may even fall short of industry standards.

First off, the nMP will be released in 6 months, so really we should be comparing it to offerings coming out around that time. Second, TB, like MacVidCards said, is a serious downgrade in terms of bandwidth and upgradability (unless you think that the ability to have 36 devices makes up for the fact that they have the combined bandwidth of less than one PCIe 3.0 8x slot). There are already (or very soon will be) 3GBps PCIe SSDs that the (future) nMP will be incompatible with. Moreover, as someone else pointed out, there are already Xeons configurations capable of 80-144GBps.

Workstations these days typically have a handful of PCIe slots capable of at least 40 lanes as well as > 4 RAM slots. In addition to having only 4 RAM slots, it sequesters 32 lanes for the Video cards (regardless of what the user wants) and uses only 6 TBolt channels (6GBps) to be divided among 6 TB ports (throttling all of them to 50%, when used all at once). In short, the nMP has less PCIe throughput than basically all other LGA2011 configurations available today (let alone 6 months from now), and forces 80% of that bandwidth into the two GPU slots. If Apple offers a single GPU option, this will be an even bigger joke as 16 lanes will just remain unused--this will put it on par with my gaming PC (22 GBps vs 20). The TB+PCIe configuration on the nMP at the very least limits maximum per-device throughput and at most dramatically limits consumer choice. This is not even factoring in the annoyance of PCIe chassis or lack of/expense of native TB devices.

As far as the lack of Dual CPU, that really is a big deal. In a time when the rest of the industry is dramatically increasing their computing power from the previous generation, Apple will have only a modest speed bump. Not only does this limit the computing power, but it also limits the number of lanes. Dual E5 configurations can run 80 lanes today!! That's the bandwidth equivalent of 40 Thunderbolt 2 ports.

All we're seeing here from the nMP = workstation crowd is excuses like
"we don't need more than 4 RAM slots"
"we don't need a second CPU"
"we don't need more than 6GBps for all our non-GPU devices"
Well I am happy for all of you, I also do not require those things, but perhaps before labeling this thing a "Workstation", you should view it in the context of the available technology and what is commonly labeled as a workstation, otherwise I'm inclined to call my Haswell gaming PC a workstation because it compares favorably with my old Powermac G5. Better yet, how about you anticipate what the market will look like in 6 months and how the nMP will compare to the standard offerings then? I'm not arguing the nMP is not a workstation, but I definitely see only a cloud of excuses from those who are certain that it is. To me it's a lot more murky.
 
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I'd like to point out that nobody in this thread has yet defined what a "workstation" truly is, exactly.

maybe not exact but it seems a lot of people know what a workstation is..
what hasn't been discussed (at all) is what a 'workstations' purpose is..
you see the difference?
 
I'd like to point out that nobody in this thread has yet defined what a "workstation" truly is, exactly.

I've heard one person say a "workstation" may have an opteron or xeon, and may have ECC RAM. When I offered up a Xeon running non-ECC RAM, or an i7 running ECC RAM on LGA 2011, I get nothing but crickets.

There IS NO strict, universal definition of workstation, and anyone choosing to define it is being pedantic. There are a lot of "borderline" motherboards / configurations that can be viewed either way...

The best anyone can do is take what is out there and say that the current "workstations" tend to have one set of features or another. As such, the nMP will definitely be on the borderline when it comes out and may even fall short of industry standards.... I'm not arguing the nMP is not a workstation, but I definitely see only a cloud of excuses from those who are certain that it is, to me it's a lot more murky.


I just went back and read the OP's attempt at a definition. I think that he hits the right key points, but I also believe that the gist of what a 'Workstation' essentially is can be summarized more simplistically.

To me:

"A Workstation is an IT {hardware} solution for when the Use Case requirements differs significantly by being higher than its contemporary mainstream 'Workplace Automation' reference benchmark."

Furthermore,

"A Workstation has cost-effective Capability Growth potential."


Simplistically, the first paragraph says it is a nonstandard PC because it is more powerful.

Similarly, the second paragraph alludes to the justification of the business case to acquire the capability. Because very narrow specialization are significantly harder to justify, the 'best value' comes from design approaches which are less easily obsoleted...ie, it is adaptable to change and grow.

What this is really saying is that a PC that's tied to a very specific application that isn't expected / intended / required to ever be changed probably isn't really a 'Workstation', but should probably be called part of that item's 'Instrumentation' (or suitable alternative label more denoting of 'Appliance')

And of course, this is a bit fuzzy...and there's always going to be grey interpretational areas. For example, consider a PC which is 'permanently installed' to perform data collection from a hundred A/D instrumented sensors on a hypersonic windtunnel ... is it a 'Workstation' or is it 'Instrumentation'? And if one said 'Instrumentation', does that interpretation change if that equipment is also capable of being expanded to be able to collect 200 A/D channels, which means it has some flexibility/capability growth?

FWIW, part of the problem with these sorts of applications are that it is possible to use a PC as laboratory instrumentation ... ie, as an Oscilliscope, etc. Similarly, that PC that's down in the local supermarket running a barcode scanner and OS/2 Warp OS ... is it a PC, or a Workstation ... or a cash register?


-hh
 
Mistake? Hardly.

What I see is that Intel figured out how to put 12 cores on a single chip and in doing so, a "1 x 12" became a lot cheaper than a "2 x 6" at the system configuration level ... as such, the design decision was driven by economics.

The caveat to this is as somewhat alluded to elsewhere within the thread with the 'how many CPUs?' question: essentially, both designs have chosen to limit the amount of horsepower that they're offering to 12 cores.

A very obvious alternative would be to offer a dual-CPU system using two 12 core chips ... ie, "2 x 12" ... to get to 24 cores, but this was decided against. IMO, probably because adding parallelism in desktop class systems does not necessarily scale linearly, so the Law of Diminishing Returns applies in many applications (it depends on what you're doing) and it wouldn't have been cost effective ... but if the Market would have been willing to pay for it, we would have it.


-hh


so are you saying 24cores is the right number? and if intel figured out a way to put 24 on one then everything would be ok? or does that mean you now need a 48 cpu system?

(or-- i think i'm saying one thing in my post you quoted and was given a response that doesn't really get at what i was saying.)
 

To me all those definitions mostly seem to reinforce that the nMP is harder to define as one thing or the other, or that the "Workstation" definition is even more nebulous. Obviously it will have some adaptations and capabilities above that of a common PC, but it will also have a lot of limitations. As MVC pointed out, what happens when the FireGL W9000 becomes obsolete in 3 years? The "adaptability" definition falls short of a standard PC. Imagine having dual Radeon 5870's soldered into the 2010 Mac Pro--A single GTX780 running in a 2010 i7 would blow it away (I'm sure comparable workstation cards would have the similar results). That's also ignoring the rather unclear future of thunderbolt: Will Apple's gambit work? What if it doesn't take off and nMP owners are forced to have 4-5 overpriced PCIe chassis lying around? How would that contribute/subtract from the "adaptability" argument? Anyone saying for certain is purely speculating.

Edit: you also mentioned the expense of the adaptability being a factor--doesn't TB put a damper on that factor?
 
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To me all those definitions mostly seem to reinforce that the nMP is harder to define as one thing or the other,

sorry to point out the obvious, again, but how can you expect to define 'workstation' if you avoid thinking about what the purpose is.
if you are truly in search of an answer then I'd strongly recommend making that the priority then all that other tech talk secondary.
bc if not, you're not going to find any real answers-- it'll just go round and round til you settle on something you're comfortable with
 
so are you saying 24cores is the right number? and if intel figured out a way to put 24 on one then everything would be ok? or does that mean you now need a 48 cpu system?

or-- i think i'm saying one thing in my post you quoted and was given a response that doesn't really get at what i was saying.)

There were two comments.

The first was that I disagree with characterizing their decision as a "Mistake". IMO, it was a reasonable business decision because the result was that they're delivering the same level of capability at a lower cost...reason why is because 1@12 is cheaper than 2@6.

My second obervation ... and perhaps some of your confusion ... was to also observe that Apple did choose to stay at 12 cores max, even though they could have gone to 24 with a dual-CPU system.

The basic reason why Apple didn't IMO is because the business use case doesn't justify the higher costs of such a higher end system...and what this really is alluding to is that it has been quite awhile since we've had a gangbusters breakout "Killer App" which motivates users to open their wallets wide to buy as much horsepower as they possibly can, at virtually any cost. In other words, without demand, there's no justification for creating the supply.



To me all those definitions mostly seem to reinforce that the nMP is harder to define as one thing or the other, or that the "Workstation" definition is even more nebulous.

Yes, that's a dilemma with hybrids.


As MVC pointed out, what happens when the FireGL W9000 becomes obsolete in 3 years?

It depends first on if your capability requirements have grown. If they haven't, then you can continue to happily use technically obsolete hardware...no real impact.

But if your capability requirements have grown, then the W9000 needs to be upgraded/replaced/etc. What your options here are will depend on the specific design characteristics of your current (legacy) hardware as to what your options sare.

For example, if the W9000 was figuratively welded in, then you're going to have to replace the entire system in order to upgrade to what you need. If it wasn't, then an incremental ugprade may be (a) available; (b) fiscally advantageous. In all cases, it can get boiled down to overall lifecycle costs for each alternative, and use that as guidance for what's the best strategy.

The "adaptability" definition falls short of a standard PC. Imagine having dual Radeon 5870's soldered into the 2010 Mac Pro--A single GTX780 running in a 2010 i7 would blow it away (I'm sure comparable workstation cards would have the similar results). That's also ignoring the rather unclear future of thunderbolt: Will Apple's gambit work? Anyone saying for certain is purely speculating.

Understood. I merely see 'adapatbilty' as being a business strategy to seek out a longer useful product lifespan and consequently, lower its lifecycle costs. In some areas this has become disposable products, whereas in others it still is not ... in the area of PCs, we're still in transition in that pretty much all laptops have become disposables, but desktops haven't made as complete of a transition ... with our nebulous "workstations" being the poster child exception.

-hh
 
There were two comments.

The first was that I disagree with characterizing their decision as a "Mistake". IMO, it was a reasonable business decision because the result was that they're delivering the same level of capability at a lower cost...reason why is because 1@12 is cheaper than 2@6.

ok, yeah.. i see what you're saying.. money and/or apple's expected profit margins on the thing was the deciding factor in making it single socket.
fair enough.
(though i do think there's more to it than that, i'm definitely not trying to imply that cost was not an issue)

My second obervation ... and perhaps some of your confusion ... was to also observe that Apple did choose to stay at 12 cores max, even though they could have gone to 24 with a dual-CPU system.

The basic reason why Apple didn't IMO is because the business use case doesn't justify the higher costs of such a higher end system...and what this really is alluding to is that it has been quite awhile since we've had a gangbusters breakout "Killer App" which motivates users to open their wallets wide to buy as much horsepower as they possibly can, at virtually any cost. In other words, without demand, there's no justification for creating the supply.

depends on how you look at it i guess but i think most of the software world moving to 64bit has spurred an incredible amount of consumerism.. i mean, there are quite literally people around here complaining/worrying about 128GB ram not being enough for 'professional'.. which, of course, would not of happened with 32bit apps..

but yeah, regarding the killer app.. the computers are better than the software at this point.. they both push each other to progress and i think we're in the point of the cycle where concentration would be better utilized if pointed at software and/or user interaction.. refined human/computer communication devices etc.
 
Asks question.
Answers own question.
Backs up answer by dropping computer brand buzzwords from 60 years ago.

This thread is going places!


As the OP I was merely asking for opinions ( not questions and answers ) and offered my opinion as a starter. I've read some great opinions and by the time this thread fades out I'll more than likely have formed a new opinion.
 
sorry to point out the obvious, again, but how can you expect to define 'workstation' if you avoid thinking about what the purpose is.

As you said, some people can do serious work on a laptop--that doesn't make it a workstation. Or, if it does, then the word is effectively meaningless.
 
OK, so another vote for "It's good enough for me, therefore it's good enough for everyone, quit yerbichen". All the while doing verbal gymnastics to avoid admitting that it has moved down market.

Thanks for your valuable input.

No, you've said the new Mac Pro is unsuitable for "Hollywood" types. I'm now asking why, and all I'm hearing is something about lack of dual processors, while ignoring that any one doing serious business probably has a rendering farm with lots and lots of cores.

You think Pixar cares that the machine only has 12 cores? They're sending all their rendering jobs to a backend with hundred or thousands of cores. And that's cheaper than putting 24 or 48 cores at everyone's desk.

So while you've told me that that 24 cores is important, you haven't told me why. All I'm asking is for a specific example of why 24 cores are important and you've yet to give me one, and are dancing around it instead.

As far as the workstation question (and this a response to the whole thread) there are plenty of single CPU workstations. Apple has shipped plenty of single CPU Mac Pros that were considered work stations. I don't see how single CPU changes that.
 
(first things first-> i know next to nothing about supercomputing.. the most i've ever done is a mp with two mbp nodes.)

you might need to make some more money because it would be a long long time till you saturate thunderbolt.. (but there might be some sort of OS limit on how many other computers you can tie into?).. the computers have to work very hard to produce a small amount of useable data.. as in, every 60 seconds or so, they might send over 200k worth of info.. so there's not that much data which needs to transfer.. you just want the cpu..

(note- that's talking about rendering stills in particular.. i have no idea whether or not people can hook two computers in a way where the computer views itself as one.. in which much much more info would need to cross the cable)

basically works like so with rendering:

cpu.jpg


so it's not as if the computer as the whole is looking at the image and combining all of it's cpu power into one (which would be about the most awesome thing out there if someone could figure out how to do that ;) )

more like, it divides the image into smaller chunks and lets each processor go to town on it's own little section..

Yeah there are render managers which offer distributed split-frame abilities like that. Mostly it's one node per sequence frame tho.

I dunno off hand what the node quantity limits are because usually the software licensing is the most restrictive bit. Lightwave3D for example is famous for allowing free nodes up to 999 after which you have to buy another seat. Most other application cap it at around 2 or 4 before they ask you to hand over your billfold. The hard limit if there is one would likely be due to the TB2 standard which Apple says (casually) is 6 devices per port where the MP6,1 is equipped with 6 ports.

I dunno how the devices are seen over TB. If they can be addressed nodes per core or as singular devices but I would assume the former especially in the case of righteous Single Board Computers which come in flavors with dual and quad multi-core chips. Many SBCs (including Phi) have their own independently attached storage, ethernet, and I dunno about the Phi but many also have their own RAM slots so you can control the amount installed. Many will also have their display port and things like USB2/3. They're actually a full computer on a single board. :) I've never used one but reading about them is kind of exciting - nerd that I am.

I've played with as many as 48 render nodes for CG content creation and I would imagine the SBCs are modeled to appear and behave in a similar fashion as independent "networked" devices. I guess SBCs are popular for some applications as there sure are a lot of models to choose from - maybe close to a hundred. Some of the pages I've visited list 20 or 30 in a long list with their basic specifications next to a photo of the card itself.

Anyway my point in bringing this up at all was that maybe Apple was thinking about such things when they designed the MP6,1 and that was their answer to question of being serious about compute power. So where a brainless or idiotic person might only see a turd and buttercream Apple saw the ultimate expansion system using the latest tech - and rightly so IMO. I think it's obvious they were at least thinking along these lines when they decided to include dual GPUs in the system - which seems further evidenced by the WWDC mention of "OpenCL - you know you should".

So now we just wait and see I guess. Will MP6,1 + TB2 based GPGPU/SBC/Phi be or become an affordable and workable solution for us content creators or will it be a turd and buttercream as those with no imagination and a financial stake in the old technology proclaim? Time will tell. Price will likely be the critical factor in proving the pejoratively inclined right or wrong. Depending on the MP6,1 base price it already is looking very good for us.

Just my 2¢
 
As you said, some people can do serious work on a laptop--that doesn't make it a workstation. Or, if it does, then the word is effectively meaningless.

hmm. yeah, I used that laptop example as a means to over exaggerate a point but if that actual point has been made, then I can say this..

if I were given the choice in that particular situation of which computer of mine I'd like to use, 10 times out of 10, I would have preferred to use the desktop.. I was completely able to make do with the laptop but that's not meant to say the idea of a workstation is completely useless and that this topic is meaningless or the word has no place in modern computing.
how important it is to, without error, define is a little over the top to me personally but at the same time, I do recognize theres a difference.

(and the difference goes beyond screen space.. I'm pretty sure my mbp out geekbenches my mp but even if I were given the choice to use the laptop with additional display vs. the desktop.. I'd still (and do) choose to use the desktop.. so there's something there- I just can't quite put my finger on it)
 
As you said, some people can do serious work on a laptop--that doesn't make it a workstation. Or, if it does, then the word is effectively meaningless.

No to be pedantic, but HP does have laptop workstation.
http://www8.hp.com/us/en/products/laptops/product-detail.html?oid=5257511#!tab=specs

While not as powerful as a desktop workstation, they can still do quite a lot of processing with their builtin Quadro k5000m.

We use a couple for on site, in the field processing.
 
No, you've said the new Mac Pro is unsuitable for "Hollywood" types. I'm now asking why, and all I'm hearing is something about lack of dual processors, while ignoring that any one doing serious business probably has a rendering farm with lots and lots of cores.

You think Pixar cares that the machine only has 12 cores? They're sending all their rendering jobs to a backend with hundred or thousands of cores. And that's cheaper than putting 24 or 48 cores at everyone's desk.

So while you've told me that that 24 cores is important, you haven't told me why. All I'm asking is for a specific example of why 24 cores are important and you've yet to give me one, and are dancing around it instead.

As far as the workstation question (and this a response to the whole thread) there are plenty of single CPU workstations. Apple has shipped plenty of single CPU Mac Pros that were considered work stations. I don't see how single CPU changes that.

Ok, you win. The iCan is the ultimate example of computing design. Absolutely nobody needs any more power than it offers, now or forward into perpetuity. 12 cores and 4 RAM slots is literally ENOUGH FOR ANYONE AND EVERYONE FOREVER. TB is manna from Heaven and bears a Seal of Approval from Jesus himself. Anyone saying otherwise is a liberal Hollywood type who got their job via magic or luck since they clearly don't know what they want or need unless Apple defines it for them.

And once everyone has a iCan they can close down the factories since nobody needs anything better or faster ever. We have reached the plateau and all is wonderfulness and daisies !!!

Yay !
 
(and the difference goes beyond screen space.. I'm pretty sure my mbp out geekbenches my mp but even if I were given the choice to use the laptop with additional display vs. the desktop.. I'd still (and do) choose to use the desktop.. so there's something there- I just can't quite put my finger on it)

That's because it's a WORKSTATION !!!! :D Just kidding.....

Maybe we can both reformulate our opinions.....

Okay... I've seen your Rhino work. Have a look at my Solidworks projects.

http://DG-Digital.com
 
32gig ram max... And the 16x slot amount to the 8x8 or 8x4x4 like standard pc mobo... So no, in my opinion, this isn't a workstation class mobo, just a standard pc board that let you use ecc or xeon class as an option.

The Asus Z87-WS is a bit better gpu wise with 16x16 or 16x8x8 but is still limited to 32gb of ram. Again, an excellent pc mobo but it fals short of a real workstation mobo.


You're not being pedantic, you're being contradictory. You just pointed to a Laptop with 1 expansion slot and 1 GPU with only 32GB of Non-ecc RAM as a workstation right after saying I'm wrong for calling a much better system a "workstation."

Awesome. You've accepted my point that there's no real definition for "Workstation"
 
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Semantics really. File the question along with things like is an iPad a computer or is a smart phone a computer. While i can see the reason for the post, the question is really about what you need to get the job done.

If you are an audio producer or a videographer, do you need expansion slots and drive bays or will Thunderbolt suffice? Will software be properly optimized for the graphics engine or not?
 
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It depends first on if your capability requirements have grown. If they haven't, then you can continue to happily use technically obsolete hardware...no real impact.

But if your capability requirements have grown, then the W9000 needs to be upgraded/replaced/etc. What your options here are will depend on the specific design characteristics of your current (legacy) hardware as to what your options sare.

Effectively you're saying then that the definition of "workstation" varies from person to person.

That's funny, I came into this thread saying that exact same thing.
 
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