I had this issue where one of my USB ports stopped recognizing devices (but it would still power and charge things like my phone, etc.)
After a SMC reset, this issue went away:
Turn off your computer. Plug it into the wall. Hold the Shift+Control+Option on the left side of the keyboard and press the power button. The computer will not turn on. Then release all the keys and press the power button again to power on the computer.