Section 1: Introduction
Core 2 Quad and Duo processors have 2 different types of temperature sensors; a CPU case (not computer case) Thermal Diode centered under the Cores, and Digital Thermal Sensors located on each Core. The case Thermal Diode measures Tcase (Temperature case), which is CPU temperature, and the Digital Thermal Sensors measure Tjunction (Temperature junction), which is Core temperature. Since these sensors measure 2 distinct thermal levels, there is a 5c temperature difference between them, which is Tcase to Tjunction Gradient. C2Q's have 1 Tcase and 4 Tjunction sensors, while C2D's have 1 Tcase and 2 Tjunction sensors. Uncalibrated default temperatures are rarely accurate.
Intel provides complete specifications for Tcase (CPU temperature), but only partial specifications for Tjunction (Core temperature), which has caused much confusion and debate in the overclocking community concerning test methods, temperature monitoring utilities and accuracy. The monitoring utilities provided by motherboard manufacturers monitor CPU temperature, while some popular freeware utilities monitor Core temperatures. The most accurate Core temperature monitoring utility available is Real Temp -
http://www.techpowerup.com/realtemp/ - which has several unique and innovative features, and is recommended for users interested in monitoring Core temperatures only.
SpeedFan monitors Tcase (CPU temperature) and Tjunction (Core temperature), which can be calibrated for each sensor, while also providing a full compliment of peripheral temperatures, voltages and fan speeds. SpeedFan is very flexible and configurable, which includes thermal alarm settings and graphical charts, as well as many other excellent automated features for creating a cool yet quiet overclocked computer. When configured with this Guide, SpeedFan is recommended for overclocking enthusiasts interested in achieving the most precise custom temperature calibrations, while observing vital system performance information.