some people are confused by location services.
the important thing is to enable find my iPhone, which is the default now, when you sign it up.
once find my iPhone is on, you can turn off location services all you want
go right ahead, be my guest, save battery power
if your iPhone gets lost, all you have to do is put it in lost mode and it will force location services on , and it will stay on, until that iPhone is unlocked with your unlock code
find my iPhone is your backdoor to location services.
location services being turned off in no way prevents your iPhone from being located