Same question here. Have not yet found an app that really works well. Just found an old harddrive with 20000+ pictures and imported with the ”import only new”, but still Photos now has a ton of duplicates.
Try Duplicate Detective 2 it can help. I have used this few times for this job.
The problem with Photos is how you define a duplicate. Subtle changes result in the data lead to duplicates coming in.
A good way is to use finder level organisation of your photos such as hierarchical folders as shown. If you have a huge collection consider something like Photo Mechanic to help you get organised.
Photos
Year
Month
Day
Subject
And use Photo's or a better imageeditor on top of that. In other words be really organised first so you don't have to tidy up afterwards.