This, basically.
The economic system of the US (and of all modern western democracies) is based on capitalism, but it has never been based on pure capitalism. It has always been a mixture of capitalism and what the anglo-american world tends to call "fair play." That's why contract terms are sometime thrown out by a court; it's why ambiguities in insurance policies are construed against the company; it's why we have a lot of consumer protection laws; and it's why we have anti-trust laws.
(As an aside, it's also why Russia had (and is still having) a hard time transitioning to a modern civil society - it's a lot easier to institute capitalism than it is to institute the moderating principles of fair play.)
It's the violation of the "fair play" principle that has caused most jurisdictions to establish anti-scalping laws: the idea is that if a company offers tickets to the general public, these tickets should not be bought up en masse by scalpers and resold to the public with a price hike. Particularly where the shortage of tickets is caused by the scalpers buying up all the tickets in the first place. (See the Miley Cyrus ticket scandal for a good example - tickets originally offered at $30-$60 became unavailable at any price less than $300, which was particularly hard on her youngish fans without much disposable income).
This is why, intuitively, people don't like the Apple scalpers. Apple set a reasonable price for its products and offered the products to the general public at this price. Of course people are outraged if organized scalpers buy up everything available and your only option is to pay a multiple of the msrp.
It is also - as a matter of economics - highly inefficient, since the only service scalper's provide is to mitigate the shortage that they themselves caused. The analogue is setting someone's house on fire and then charging them to put it out.
Tickets (which have an expiration date and have a limited supply), are different than iPads, which don't have an expiration date and the supply of which is only limited by Apple's willingness to produce it.
How do you define reasonable? Because according to economics, Apple isn't setting the price high enough in the short term (aka launch day, or the first week, etc.) That or Apple isn't distributing them efficiently.
Hold on there. I think you're making the assumption that scalpers only sell to those who lined up for the product, and those are the only people who buy from scalpers, or even the main ones (probably be too pissed to buy one). What about to people in countries that don't have Apple stores or official resellers? What about people that don't have the time to line up but still want the product on the first day? I'd argue those last two categories actually represent a bigger portion of a scalper's customers than those that line up and fail to get one do.
Normal supply is when a product reaches its intended destination - a consumer. Deliberately constrained where a company has a monopoly or scalpers have obtained a monopoly. It's an artificial constraint of supply - the supply could be greater, but someone is deliberately soaking that supply up in order to raise prices. In fact when businesses do that, that's considered fraud, not capitalism. Now here we have a slightly different situation where there are multiple, independent agents doing it rather than a single one, but that makes it no more a part of a healthy capitalist system. Heck it's even why Apple tried to make it as hard as possible to do by limiting the number of purchases per card per time point. The scalpers aren't doing a value added service but merely getting between Apple and its customer base.
But scalpers (in the case of the technological products) can't constrain supply, if the retailer was operating efficiently. There simply isn't enough of them and they don't have the capital to buy enough to cause a dent in supply. If Apple had modeled all of their launches like this one, then scalpers wouldn't even bother scalping Apple products.
Another point is that those who are angry at people scalping Apple's products should direct their anger at Apple for being inefficient by: A) Not pricing the product correctly thereby causing a severe shortage or B) not distributing the product efficiently. Apple scalpers only exist because of Apple's lack of efficiency.
Just wanted to point out that diamond companies do this all the time by artificially limiting supply in order to raise prices.
I would argue that scalpers are adding value by providing a service to those who can't obtain the iPad otherwise or who don't have the time to line up and would rather exchange that time for money.
EDIT (since you edited): They can't leverage their higher capital if people who view time as less important than money line up earlier than scalpers do. And like tierim said, time and money in economics, are equivalent. So therefore, assuming people were willing to use more of their time, then scalpers would actually be at a disadvantage.