OK, I will try to give some details to my situation. Please keep in mind that I got my rMB 4 days ago and I have absolutely no OS X experience prior to that. So far I really like it, but that streamed video chopiness is strange.
My issue is quite pronounced in this video, which is actually the first in the list, when you search for '1080p':
I can clearly see the video not running smoothly in the scenes with the icebergs, which is still within the first minute. I can see it in other scenes, too, but it is most pronounced with the icebergs.
It does not matter if I use Safari or Firefox and I also upgraded from OS X Yosemite to El Capitan which didn't make a difference (I didn't upgrade for that reason of course).
My internet speed is 25 Mbit and the video playback almost never uses more than 5 Mbit.
Thanks for the tip. Since I used Windows for 20 years I just stuck with what I knew what was working well for me in the last couple of years and that was VLC. I will give Movist a try.
If you need any further information just let me know.
Edit: By the way, on my last Windows machine with a top of the line i7 CPU from 2013 and a discrete graphics card the videos also run a little choppy, but it is less pronounced and I might just see it because the 24 fps framerate is relatively low. Plus the judder on this machine is very regular, like a micro judder going on numerous times per second. With the rMB it's more like 2-3 distinct judders per second.
I hope I expressed myself well enough, English is not my native language