If your question really is "Does my battery overcharge if I keep it plugged in, resulting in damage to the battery, or shortening the battery's life?" - then my answer is "no"
I don't think that your planned usage (part time clamshell, part time portable on battery) will significantly affect the life of the battery.
"100% charge" does not, by itself, mean anything more than that you have a fully charged battery.
Clamshell mode requires that the adapter be attached. I think that the graphics card support for an external display needs that extra margin of power from the adapter. There's no significant reason to run clamshell mode on battery, plus you have at least one external device, and, by definition, you are not portable in clamshell mode, so the system doesn't give you a battery-only choice.
IMHO, exercising the battery occasionally is one way to give your battery better value over time, regardless of your other use.
But, the battery remains a temporary device, which eventually wears out. If your battery is exhausted (worn out from use), then you replace it. There may be certain situations where Apple can replace one that fails too early, but the goal is the same - if the battery no longer works as you need, you replace it.
(for now - don't obsess about the battery. If you are anything like me, you have more important things to do.

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