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This is the first I’ve heard the claim that older chips consume more battery on newer OSes. I know after every OS update there are posts about battery life going down, but those are usually because of bugs and indexing etc., and it applies to even new phones.
Is this just a theory or did you actually compare the old OS and new OS, using both with new batteries and exact same usage? If so, how much difference was there? Also keep in mind one comparison would only be one data point.

I think this is probably true for devices with non-hetereogeneous chipsets or chipsets without the high efficiency/low performance cores. I feel like iOS is running a lot more things in the background now compared to, say, iOS 10.
 
I think this is probably true for devices with non-hetereogeneous chipsets or chipsets without the high efficiency/low performance cores. I feel like iOS is running a lot more things in the background now compared to, say, iOS 10.

I don’t know enough about the inner workings of iOS and how it has changed over the years to really believe one way or another, but I suppose it’s a possibility. It would be good to get some kind of official info on that if it’s available.
I can say I didn't notice this when I replaced the battery in my older iPhone while on the newest iOS, but I also didn’t pay very close attention to battery life and compare my exact usage from before. So that’s not a great data point. But my feeling is if there is a difference then it wouldn’t be substantial, otherwise I feel like I would have noticed—also there would be more noise online (again, this is the first I’ve seen this mentioned). But ultimately, I think the only way to know the real world difference is to do controlled tests or gather a lot of random data points.
 
I don’t know enough about the inner workings of iOS and how it has changed over the years to really believe one way or another, but I suppose it’s a possibility. It would be good to get some kind of official info on that if it’s available.
I can say I didn't notice this when I replaced the battery in my older iPhone while on the newest iOS, but I also didn’t pay very close attention to battery life and compare my exact usage from before. So that’s not a great data point. But my feeling is if there is a difference then it wouldn’t be substantial, otherwise I feel like I would have noticed—also there would be more noise online (again, this is the first I’ve seen this mentioned). But ultimately, I think the only way to know the real world difference is to do controlled tests or gather a lot of random data points.
When the SE 2016 was released, it had better battery life than the 6S which was bigger and the flagship phone at the time.
 
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