You're making excuses for a poor design, I have a 2.6 GHz i7 Thinkpad and that does not come anywhere close to 100c nor have I seen any throttling. I'm seeing an average of the mid 50s, doing office/surfing type work. 60s all the way up to the mid 70s when pushing the CPUs at a sustained rate. It might have broached the 80c mark on occasion but that's a rarity.
X1 Extreme? Runs at temperatures close to 90C for sustained multithreaded worlds. So not that different from the MBP. I haven't seen any throttling with my i9+Vega MBP either, it performs quite admirably even if both CPU and GPU are loaded up, where most of these laptops (including the X1) break down. And of course you shouldn't be seeing anything more than 60C when doing office work - with neither laptop.
As an example, when I am writing this my CPU (i9) is around 55C and that's connected to an external monitor, which triggers the dGPU and makes the overall temps slightly warmer.
My Thinkpad is faster and cooler, uses the same CPU and a better GPU (then the non-VEGA) MBPs - yet you're saying The MBP design is not flawed?
The X1 is also 25% larger in volume and has only half of MBP's battery life, according to independent tests. You win some, you lose some. I don't think that either of designs is flawed, they simply choose different balance of features. X1 has better airflow, since it uses the meshed underside of the laptop for air intake (of course, this comes with its own disadvantages). It also seems that Lenovo has decided to restrict the upper range of the CPU temp to 90C, for whatever reason.
By the way, as to "runs cooler" — that kind of depends on definition, no? Compare the temperature readings from Notebookcheck reviews:
https://www.notebookcheck.net/Lenov...GTX-1050-Ti-Max-Q-Laptop-Review.335608.0.html
https://www.notebookcheck.net/Apple-MacBook-Pro-15-2018-2-6-GHz-560X-Laptop-Review.317358.0.html
Temps on the case are virtually identical under idle, and under max load, the upper side of the laptops are again equally hot (around 45C) while on the bottom part, the Lenovo is good 10C hotter in parts (53C vs 41C). So why would I care if the CPU runs 10C cooler if that means that the laptop case is 10C hotter? Again, you win some, you loose some. The X1, for example, has quieter fans on max.