There is some judgement calls here, and what exactly you need may be subjective.
My last go around I looked for the drives with the longest warranty that are suitable for a multidrive enclosure to deal with the vibration. But I was willing to pay the price for the durability. So called NAS drives are good for multibay enclosures but are also designed to produce low heat and draw less power at the expense of performance. Enterprise drives are designed for durability and performance at the expense of power, heat, noise. Desktop models run the gamut of performance and durability but are designed for single drive computers or enclosures (a vibration and thermal thing). You can also chose the equivalent consumer type drives at a lower cost, but they typically have a one sometimes two year warranty. From what I've read here it seems that drives often fail just after the warranty runs out, although I've had some running a decade now. Both Seagate and Western Digital make some good drive models, some not so good. Samsung, Crucial are a couple big names in SSD
This may be overkill for what you are doing and being a noob type learning environment but since you are spending some cash on the MacPro, you may not want to skimp on storage. This is what I ended with up a couple months ago:
Samsung 850 pro MZ-7KE512BW, 512GB SSD at $320 warrantied for 10 years. I use this for scratch (temporary files) and you probably don't need this... but with pre-planning an empty bay you can easily add it later.
Two Seagate Constellation ES.3 ST2000NM0033 2TB at $150 each. These are designed for high performance enterprise enclosures and have a 5 year warranty. The 1TB version which may satisfy your current need is currently about $88, $176 for the pair. I work off this drive set, this is where my current working video and image libraries are located.
One WesternDigital 4TB Red Pro NAS WD2001FFSX at $240. This is a slower but durable drive with a 5 year warranty. The 2TB size that may match your needs is $140. This is my backup
I put these into a OWC (macsales.com) Thunderbay 4, a TB2 enclosure at $450. Comes with a short cable, its another $38 for a 2 meter cable.
Prices vary from day to day, week to week. BH Photo, Amazon, NewEgg are places to look for drives, sometimes Bestbuy has a deal. So if you are willing to spend $700- $1300 on storage and need durability and performance to handle the main storage load you will be getting something like the above. You can start compromising one thing or another to save $$ if you wish. Don't even think about USB
There are a bunch of ways to skin that cat, however.