As far as I know, "notebook" simply refers to a portable computer, as opposed to a desktop computer—for instance, a MacBook Pro versus an Apple Studio or iMac.
Essentially, I'd take "Laptop" to mean "not a desktop" (and probably a clamshell design) while "Notebook" usually implies something roughly the size and shape of, well, an A4 or Letter note book.
Historically, "portable computer" was something like this:
en.wikipedia.org
Or indeed:
en.wikipedia.org
...clearly neither "laptop" nor "notebook". I don't think there are many mainstream products like that today (googling turns up some fringe examples).
The common top-level distinction today still seems to be Laptop vs. Desktop (with maybe tablets and all-in-ones as separate categories).
Eg:
https://apple.com/mac/
You'll see the same top-level categories on the Dell or Lenovo websites.
What you'll also find on HPDelNovo's websites are high-end "mobile workstations/laptop workstations" and "gaming laptops" (typically with 16-17" 16:9 screens, numeric keypads and hunky CPUs and discrete GPUs) which - while sold as laptops - look like flying bricks compared with anything Apple produces. I don't think anybody in the English-speaking world would describe those as "notebooks" - although they're now being surpassed by newer, low-power tech.
Of course, all of Apple's laptops since the demise of the old Mac Portable being sold as "Powerbook" or "Macbook" - the Neo and Air are clearly notebooks but that's a bit of a stretch with the 16" MBP (which is more mobile workstation territory). However, even the late, lamented 17" MBP made a
contemporary Lenovo mobile workstation look like a 1970s brutalist car park...