You can do by export/import.perhaps a way to avoid this for the future?
If one transfers data from Microsoft Office to Microsoft Office on another Mac this should work, at least for identical versions. AFAIK it's important to close ALL Microsoft apps and services that access those data in advance to get an intact copy/backup of the Microsoft User Data folder. The folder should reside in ~/Documents/Microsoft User Data.All that info is stored in /Documents/Microsoft User Data by default. If you copy that folder from one Mac to the other it should (theoretically) bring all that over.