There's a difference between "opinion" and "legal determination with binding consequences." When a court rules conduct illegal, that's not one person's take, it's an enforceable judgment backed by evidentiary record, cross-examination, and appellate review. Apple didn't pay billions in EU fines or rewrite its App Store rules because regulators "felt" something, they did it because losing in court has consequences opinions don't. Please get your facts right, none of those regulators mandated micro-USB, 14 manufacturers including Apple chose it as the standard. None of those regulators mandate the cookie popups that you see, those are decisions made by companies who wanted to make the process as cumbersome and annoying as possible.
The EU tried to mandate micro-USB after they had seen Lightning. That is a fact. In 2013 a Commission official said the fact that Apple included an adapter meant the common charger “does not really exist” and that future agreements couldn’t allow adapters. They even passed a law to try to force it in 2014. But it stalled. And by the time it got picked up again in 2018 USB-C was a thing. But EU regulators absolutely wanted to mandate micro-USB in 2013.
And yes, the EU mandated cookie popups.
The regulation said that sites had to get “informed consent” for tracking, but it didn’t provide a clear, simple mechanism for doing so. That left companies with two choices: either make their sites function without tracking (in most cases, a literally impossible adjustment given ad-driven business models) or build consent banners that strongly nudge users toward “accept.”
Unsurprisingly, most went with the latter. And people like you say “Well actually, it’s the websites’ fault, not the EU’s” as if we live in some magical universe where advertising isn’t the lifeblood of the free web.
So in my opinion on EU regulators’ thoughts on what’s good for consumers is highly suspect, because it’s almost always comically wrong.
The anti-steering injunction was affirmed by the 9th Circuit, and the Supreme Court declined to hear appeals from both Apple and Epic in January 2024. That means the ruling is final and binding, whatever procedural sequencing argument you want to make about California courts. A "misinterpreted" ruling doesn't survive the entire federal appellate process untouched.
A California court adjudicated the
exact same claim in another case and ruled in favor of Apple. Then a California Appeals court affirmed the first court's ruling, and the California Supreme Court denied review. So it's settled law in California that Apple's conduct
did not violate the state law in question. However, this happened after Judge Rogers rulings and associated appeals. So yes, Judge Rogers’ ruling is binding, but it was still wrong in the first place.
Sure, regulators talk. But the US DOJ, EU Commission, Japan's JFTC, and South Korea's KFTC operate under different legal frameworks, different burdens of proof, and different political incentives, and they've all landed on similar conclusions about App Store practices using their own evidentiary records. That's not one opinion echoing through a hallway, that's convergent findings across independent legal systems. If the DOJ looked at what the EU was doing then we would have 5 years warranty and not 1.
The FTC, DOJ and European Commission set up a formal Joint Technology Competition Policy Dialogue in 2021, and by 2023 the FTC and DOJ were
literally stationing liaison officials inside the European Commission to help implement the DMA. The reason they did that was because the two Biden officials (Kahn at FTC and Kanter at DOJ) couldn’t get the rules they wanted through Congress, so as a workaround they worked with a body ideologically aligned with them who had passed legislation aligned with their preferred outcome. And one of them (Kanter) sued Apple in an antitrust case that has a central argument many legal observers say is extremely unlikely to find support in the US Supreme Court.
So you’ve got one “Apple is anti-competive”ideologue simultaneously building the US domestic case against Apple, and also embedded in the institutional structure helping the EU build its parallel case. That’s not “convergent findings across independent legal systems” It’s ideologically aligned regulators working together.
The EU also signed a similar cooperation arrangement with Japan’s JFTC in 2025 to swap investigatory methods on app store cases specifically, and Korea’s and Japan’s platform laws are openly modeled on the DMA’s gatekeeper framework, not independently derived. So this isn’t four regulators in silos happening to land in the same place.