Internet:
- Get the fastest connection that you can afford per month. This will help for downloading and streaming over the Internet.
Home Networking:
- Go with 1000Mbps minimum (aka Gigabit Ethernet or Gig-E)
- D-link have a new line of Gig-E consumer switches that are green. I just updated all of my switches with them. They basically reduce the power consumption based on port usage. Very cool concept, IMO.
- Cat6 cabling will ensure future proofing of network capabilities
- 802.11n should be the defacto for your wi-fi now a days. All Apple products support. I use a Cisco dual antenna router in my setup. This way I can have certain devices on 802.11n and other devices on 802.11g. I also have another wi-fi access point for my work network (running on its own subnet which is different than my home subnet.
Network Security:
- use static IP address and turn off DHCP on your router and/or wi-fi access points
- on Wi-Fi, turn off SSID broadcast and only allow the MAC addresses of the devices you own.
Entertainment:
I want to preface that budget plays a HUGE part in component selection. You can get a complete setup for as little as a a couple thousand to hundreds of thousands or more.
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TV: I prefer plasma TV's over other types, but this is very personal and dependent on your room and the amount of light you have coming into it. Plasma's have a very glossy front so they are prone to reflections and deteriorated picture when the room is too bright such as mid day with direct sunlight coming in. Room lighting not so much. Budget about $1500-2000 for a decent to higher quality TV.
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Speakers: Again, another personal choice. Speakers can sound different to different people. The very "forward" sounding speakers where the highs are over powering, "laid-back" speakers where the highs are over powered by the miss and lows, and then "Neutral" speakers where everything just sort of sound equal across all speakers. Then you have size. The are satellite speaker such as the Bose or HTiB (Home Theater in a Box), bookshelves (which are larger cabinet based speakers and usually only have a single tweeter and a single woofer for a shard mid-range and bass production), and then finally floor-standing, which are the larger speakers where you often have at least a dedicated speaker for highs, miss, and lows (there are exceptions, though). Budget can depend on a lot, but I have seen some decent 5.1 setups for about $2000 or so.
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Source: You need some sort of hub. This is where everything plugs into and sound and picture can be distributed from a number of devices to a single TV and set of speakers. This choice needs to be made very carefully. You need to know number of inputs required (both now and in future), types of inputs, processing requirements (audio and or video), whether it will have a built-in amp or require and external amp (if internal amp, does it allow connections to an external amp for future growth), what additional features do you want (HD Radio, XM, Sirius, Pandora, etc.).
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Video and or Audio playback: Are you into Blu-ray, DVD, SACD, CD, DVD-Audio? All of these need to be taken into consideration when choosing a player. Do you want separate devices or an all in one? Budget for separate ones can be had for $100-200 easily. A good all-in-one for around $500 (oppodigital.com).
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Streaming: I like the idea of a Mac Mini being a hub device. This allows you to have a central repository for all media content and you can stream it via hardwire or wireless. Whether you use Plex, or just the Apple Remote paired with an Apple TV is your choice. I think both work very well.
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Backup: I use a NetGear ReadyNAS NV+ with 4GB RAID setup. It backups up ALL of my computers on their own dedicated shares, supports TimeMachine, also allows backups to be configured on it versus on the host machine. Very sturdy and well made. You could also build you own, but I am too lazy for that.

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Printing: depends on what you are looking for. I have a hardwired printer that does pruning, scanning, faxing, photo printing.
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Cabling: Get as much as you can from Monoprice or Blue Jean Cables. They are better priced and just as good or better than some of the crap they try to sell you in the big box stores for hundreds of dollars.
I subscribed to your thread so reply or PM me with any questions. Home theater and music are one of my hobbies I am very passionate about.
One last thing...
Don't be afraid to build this in phases so you can get better equipment. Many people want to have a full system right away and then end up spending more in the long run because they start to replace things. Even reselling will never get what you paid originally. Just something to keep in mind.