The answer
Okay so I have a little issue here (well my Dad does) so his pc recently crashed and he had to reformat it, he had it backed up so he put everything back on and everything was perfect again. Until he tried to sync his iPhone today. He has all his media on his iTunes again, but when he tries to sync it says erase and sync. That's fine because he has all his music and movies but will his contacts, email accounts, settings, texts, notes, calendars etc. stay on his phone or will they be wiped off.
ps will his application data (ex game progress) be saved to?
Thanks for your help
Even though its the same computer, the iPhone recognizes the iTunes library as a new library. It will delete all media off the iPhone, and it has to sync it fresh on there, however, "data," like contacts, calendars, and email accounts should be sync'd on the computer from the iPhone itself (assuming that you have Outlook installed). It should also save the App data too, however, any an all important data should be saved first.
Import everything that you can (photographs can be imported like any other camera, with a number of utilities, and the native windows utilities, contacts and calendars, they may need to written down), and make sure you make a manual back up first (right click on the name of the iPhone below devices and choose "back up").
If something goes terribly wrong, the back up should ensure that you have the most important data backed up (photo's, contacts, calendar appointments, and Application data).
This should take care of you. Exercise due caution, if these technologies we're perfect, there wouldn't be forum sites dedicated to answering these questions. But in all likelihood, the sync will happen without a hitch, you'll just have to wait to get all the media back on the phone again.