There are not many multi-function hubs out there with both a functional USB-C port for peripherals and USB-C power passthrough, but they do exist. For example, there is the Kingston Nucleum:
https://www.kingstongo.com/us/hub/nucleum-usb-type-c-hub
It has power passthrough and both USB-A and USB-C, as well as other ports.
However, if for a hard drive, I don't understand why you wouldn't just use USB-A. There are a bazillion hubs out there with USB-A support and power passthough.