*Maybe*
The original iPhone 5 GSM model didn't fully support TMo frequencies on HSPA+. The baseband did, the frequency was activated for LTE, just not HSPA+.
Apple couldn't update via software. Low level firmware that iOS couldn't touch needed to be tweaked, so you got a special set of S/N when the TMo variant came out. Same physical chips, different low level firmware loaded by Apple before shipping.