All serious users I know (coders, photographers) use a at least one external monitor - I have 2 4K monitors via the traditional coder setup: twitter img macrumors imgClamshell mode is certainly not mainstream usage of laptop computers, no matter how you spin it. More people would use laptop as their main computer (students for example) than people using it in clamshell mode.
Even putting that aside, I don’t know how the camera can beat dedicated sensors mapping your face and store data about it. The connection would have To be done via insecure connection (BT and Wifi are not secure connection for this purpose) For external camera, which makes no sense. Even if the webcam location has FaceID module (which in clamshell mode would be useless anyway), Apple would either have to run a separate cable towards Secure Enclave, or change the camera cable to also support that transmission, complicating computer repair.
You might say, ”just encrypt the transmission and all set”. No. Anything sensitive like face data being transmitted wirelessly is inherently less secure than transmitting it through wire, which is harder to intercept.
All in all, based on your use case, I still can’t find a convincing reason why FaceID has to be implemented using iPhone camera.
The one friend who I have that works in consulting simply uses his laptop without any displays but he's not using it as his main device to produce any content. It's just a glorified netbook for him.
As for security, if other transmission methods like BT and WiFi are not secure (BTW, I never claimed they were) then why allow an Apple Watch to unlock a Mac? If safety means that you must have direct access to the logic board, why connect your TimeMachine external drive via USB, even if it is encrypted?
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