I've been looking into hard drive problems because mine is failing. I strongly recommend using a tool like Scannerz to evaluate the hard drive (
www.scsc-online.com). Scannerz detects not only errors, but irregularities as well.
Here's what happened to my drive:
1. Periodically I would start the system and for no apparent reason, it would take several minutes to start. Normally it booted in about 30 seconds.
2. Some applications would take forever to load.
3. I ran tests on it with Apples diagnostics and some other tools that I won't mention, since at this point I have little good to say about them.
4. Finally, one day, it just sat there with the white Apple at boot up. I powered it on and off a few times, then it booted.
5. I took a chance on Scannerz because it's a lot cheaper than any other utilities (and MUCH cheaper than the one I had). I ran a scan on my drive and within minutes it was reporting irregularities, which are not errors. An irregularity means that the time it's taking the drive to read sections of the drive is abnormally high (in this case it was almost 20 seconds, and it should be milliseconds).
6. I re-ran tests using the other tools and even though I could sort of tell there were problems, they kept giving me an "A-OK" status on the drive.
7. I periodically ran Scannerz a few more times and the problems eventually went from irregularities to flat out errors.
I'm not a hard drive expert, but as I understand it a "failure" on a drive is dependent on how a given drives internal programming decides how to handle slow reads. In my case, I guess the drive says "if it's readable, it's OK" even if it's taking 20 seconds to read a single sector.
In my case, the drive is original equipment and my iMac is 2006-2007, so I figure it's had a good life. The Scannerz manual has a lot of stuff for trying to correct it, but for me using a drive that old it's not worth pursuing, especially when a replacement SATA drive can be had 2 times as big for about 50 bucks.
Scannerz produces detailed log files for each scan it does on a drive. What you could do is scan it, look at the log files, find irregularities and errors, and then use that as proof that the drive needs replacement. If your drive is clicking like you've said it is, then it DOES need replacement. My experience has been that some drives will display that type of behavior periodically, and then it will get worse and worse and worse until it won't even start up. I had a PowerBook a few years ago that started doing that. First it was once a month, then it was about every two weeks, then once a week, etc. etc. until it got to the point it just dropped dead. Interestingly, S.M.A.R.T. analysis was almost useless as well as the "standard" (i.e. lame) drive analysis tools.
Scannerz just analyzes drives, it doesn't fix them or recover data. If you need data recovery, you'll need Disk Warrior or some other type of recovery tool.
I made a post earlier today about SSD failures that seem to be common, so if your drive needs replacement, you might want to be cautious and do some research before committing to them. No one has responded to that post, so maybe all the SSD failures being reported are just another "Windoze Thing".