Good advice from Altemose.
there may be a drive issue
Yes/maybe I'm puzzled by the the reported zero byte capacity, lack of support for S.M.A.R.T. and so on.
IffySituation, it's a long time since I saw Disk Utility report things so strangely. Based on a vague recollection from that time, I suggest a reset of NVRAM before anything else.
How to Reset NVRAM on your Mac Apple Support
Then if you're lucky, you'll be able to restore from your Time Machine backup.
Of particular interest:
Try changing the partition map from "Current" to 1 partition. Then apply. Then use the Erase tab.
It won't let me complete that request
What, exactly, happens at each stage of the attempt?
I picked 40GB FOR THE win10 partition and clicked yes/confirm whatever and it immediately attempted to boot into the WININSTALL I created on a usb drive
A thumb drive? Is that approach to installing the prerelease version of Windows tried and tested, with Mac hardware, elsewhere?
It then showed a screen that was a bit distorted and did not show my full screen and was a bit blurry, it then asked which partition I wanted to install win10 onto
the win installer said it couldn't install on that portion of the drive and that I must format it which is where now I'm thinking what went wrong
How the F did this happen?
Given what's above, we can't be certain but I guess that you asked Microsoft's pre-release installer to format the SATA drive in the Apple computer.
Boot Camp: System requirements for Microsoft Windows operating systems Apple Support
As the Microsoft software is not yet supported by Apple, I should advise
not retrying Boot Camp in your environment. Amongst the safer approaches, there's Oracle VirtualBox.