Interestingly I didn’t notice much of a difference with a gel pack (I have a 2019 1.4GHz MacBook Pro and a 2020 i7 Air). On the Pro, there is no difference at all in performance, but the fan shuts off.
On a side note, I’ve been running the Folding at Home COVID-19 routines on my MacBook Pro (part of the AnandTech/Tom’s Hardware friendly “contest”). That’s really taxing on the CPU. It basically maxes it out (so I’ve been running it a few hours a day). The Pro is about 75% faster in that ”test” because it is able to sustain very high CPU speeds even when all 4 cores are running (2.8-3 GHz). The Air settles around 1.5-1.6GHz. With the gel pack, the Air bumps up to about 1.7-1.8GHz. The Pro shuts off the fan, but the speed is the same.
When I‘m not running Folding at Home (i.e. normal use), both handle running Quicken for Windows under WINE (Crossover 19), Parallels Desktop running the latest Windows 10 build, etc. I don’t do any heavy video or photo editing, but do touch up photos occasionally.
I had a hard time recommending the 2018 or 2019 MacBook Air since the Pro was just $200 more and, particularly since the 2019 Pro went quad-core, offered a lot more performance. The 2020 Air is easier to recommend for now. With the i5, it’s $400 less with comparable RAM and storage. The CPU is still slower, but it is very workable for most people. Maybe that changes in a few weeks when the new Pro comes out, but even then, the Air is a very usable machine.
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But that’s fine. Apple will soon have a suitable computer to replace your 2018 MacBook. The 2020 Air is a significant upgrade from the 2019 Air. Heck, I still am hopeful they resurrect the 12” MacBook (ARM or otherwise). The 2017 MacBook was my favorite Mac ever. It was so small and light I didn’t mind the 5W fanless CPU. The 2020 Air is “good enough” for the 30-40% of the Mac buyer population who will buy it.
I do think that Apple could have been more aggressive with the Air’s design. Perhaps with a heat pipe, they could have made it a bit smaller and lighter to differentiate it from the 13” Pro. The tapered design is somewhat more ergonomic than the 13” Pro, but I agree that the 13” Pro is just as portable. If the 2020 base Pro is the same size, then it will still likely be my recommendation for many users, but the 2020 Air is good enough for me to recommend to the average user. By contrast, I did NOT recommend the 2019 Air since the 2019 Pro was so much more powerful for $200 more.