Trade secret law is complex but there is no blanket First Amendment defense that would protect a journalist from liability over posting trade secrets.
As others have pointed out there is; and I would guess the CCP would be happy to slap some minor leaker to keep Apple happy.
Exactly. Otherwise it is no longer a trade secret; and the laws support protecting it.
True, but the Pentagon Papers were a national security issue and one has to weigh public interest vs. security issues; which is far different than trade secrets which are generally a private matter with no compelling public or governmental interest.
Trade secret law is not real clear and a journalist can be held liable for publishing trade secrets; for example if they solicit someone to commit an illegal act or knew the material was misappropriated. Court rulings have varied on what is legal or illegal.
The bottom line is there is no blanket protection for someone who leaks trade secrets.
Easier to prove "misappropriation of lost property", IMHO.
Already been done. Independently discovering something that is a trade secret certainly is protected, and while IINAL having evidence the "trade secret" was already known is a viable defense.
As for Coke, the "Secret Formula Locked in a Vault in Atlanta" is a great PR story but the reality is even if you have the exact formula you can't compete with Coke's brand, scale, distribution network, etc.