That's a very informed comment, thank you. I've visited China several times, and on one of the visits to Fudan University, around 2010, the newly-installed head of the physics department said their aim was to be in the Top 10 Physics Departments in the World (there is more than one league table, so there is an element of flexibility there!). We asked him how long would it take to be in the Top 10, and he responded without hesitation (in perfect English) "at least 25 years". That's both realism, and long-term thinking for you: they had a strategy, and funding, for improvement.
The ARWU Ranking (the most appropriate for research) currently ranks Fudan 41 in the world overall, and 51-75 in Physics, so they still have a way to go. But he did say at least 25 years and we are only 15 years from my 2010 visit!
It's true that below the top tier of Chinese universities the quality is variable, but it's also important to understand the strong desire for self-improvement. Many of them have ambitious long term plans.
I agree that the West still has the edge overall in most aspects of university science and engineering, but the way things are going, I think the scales will tip to China (and Asia generally) in the next 20-30 years, unless the current trends change quite dramatically.