Back when my 2018 Macbook Pro i9 first came out, Apple produced a firmware update that corrected the CPU throddling issue. Was that an operating system firmware or a hardware firmware? If they can do it to increase CPU or GPU output, they can do it also to reduce (in the name of energy saving and heating after the first year).See this post
That identifies the version, firmware usually isn’t associated with operation speed, but every update to MacOS is paired with a unique firmware. It provides the low-level control for a device's specific hardware.
I say this because sometimes I am a little suspicious as my macs at an almost timed occurrence (when the the newer models come out), my once fast mac’s CPU starts to throttle instead of pushing all cores. Notice that when using FCP and some other apps that need power. Hope Apple doesn’t do this to make people buy or upgrade.