Well... for portraiture on a budget, you could go with a Nikon D3400 for $500 (normally $550) and an AF-S NIKKOR 85mm f/1.8G for $480, for a total a touch under $1000 - but you're right that this doesn't include any lighting gear.
Alternatively, there's the AF-S NIKKOR 50mm f/1.8G for $280, leaving just enough budget to throw in a SB-R200 Wireless Speedlight for $165...
(Now, you're a Cannon fan obviously, and there's nothing wrong with that - whether you consider the above Nikon kit 'good' or not I will not argue...)
Used Canon 5D - $300
50mm f/1.8 - $100
2 x Aftermarket Manual flashes with on body controller, umbrellas and light stands $300
$300 to spare.
Still not as convenient, accessible or friendly as the iPhone. Nevermind what you have to learn and prep to use the equipment properly.
The iPhone, while making it hard for some business models in photography, is awesome.