Next time, don't put the tarragon cream sauce on until after you bake it.
Don't blame the manufacturer. Blame Europe. Electronics manufacturers use lead-free solder because the European Union's laws
require it. The law in question, the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) directive, effectively prevents electronics manufacturers from shipping anything to Europe if it contains lead-based solder, unless that solder is solely inside of sealed, high-temperature components.
Unfortunately, GPUs are too big (physically) and get too hot to work well with lead-free solder. The extreme temperature changes cause thermal expansion, which fractures the more brittle lead-free solder joints. Worse, the RoHS ban on lead-based solder been an absolute disaster for equipment reliability worldwide, because no manufacturer wants to have to run a separate manufacturing line just for Europe if they can avoid it.
What Europe really needs to do is overturn that aspect of RoHS and replace it with mandatory requirements for recycling in a manner that prevents lead contamination of groundwater, etc. Consumer electronics all around the world would be much more reliable if they did. And the environmental damage from all the extra electronics junk that RoHS causes every year far exceeds any (mostly theoretical) benefit provided by the ban on lead-based solder, so as environmental laws go, this one was a total disaster.
In the meantime, companies everywhere should be encouraged to stop soldering their GPUs to the motherboard. Even before RoHS, GPUs were a dubious component in laptops. Now, they are just a nightmare. It would be much more sensible for manufacturers to place the GPU on a separate daughtercard alongside the main board, so that when (not if) the next round of GPUs starts to fail because of the RoHS plague, they can just swap the GPU board with one based on a newer component.
Using a daughtercard for the GPU probably wouldn't add more than a buck to the BOM cost, and given the staggering number of GPU failures over the past few years and the high cost of those failures (particularly in terms of their impact on customer trust), I would think that such a change would easily pay for itself.
This is really all a pile of misinformation that takes the blame off of Apple(where it belongs) and places it on an element(lead free solder) that works fine for EVERY SINGLE OTHER MANUFACTURER OF LAPTOPS.
Thinkpad T520: mine litecoin on it.
Alienware's gaming line: mine litecoin on it.
Apple's pro line - you can't even watch youtube on it.
They ALL use lead free solder.
Lead free solder is fine. Crappy design ISN'T.
Keep the blame where it belongs.
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Is this the same solder that holds the ram chips in place for the macbook retina's ?
It is the same solder. This is the same solder used on every electronic device you have used for the past eight years, so you have nothing to worry about, since the solder is NOT the problem.
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and for the love of god, never pay for someone to reball your DEAD gpu.
These chips are DEAD.
When they stop working, they are DEAD.
You must heat the chip to reball it. It is the heating of the chip that revives it, not the replacement of the balls.
Don't believe me? You shouldn't! I'm just some yelling idiot on the internet. You need proof, and here's how you can see this for yourself in your own home.

If you want a demo of my theory proving itself true, try this out yourself with a hairdryer and a thermocouple device you get off eBay.
Heat your chip to 120c for five minutes. It'll work again. 120c is 97c less than the 217c to melt lead free solder balls, so why does it work again when you heat it to 120c?
Because the problem is
inside the chip. NOT WITH THE BALLS. The MYTH of it being the balls is a myth perpretrated by the collective wishful thinking of the internet that these issues can be fixed without spending money.
Once the chip is dead to the point where you can
temporarily revive it by heating it to 120c, it is dead. You can bring it back a few times with heat, but the damage on the inside of the chip is done, and it's never going to function properly long term again.
These chips are down to twenty nine bucks now anyway, so if someone is charging you $150, $250, $350, $450 to do this, and trying to save $29 by reusing your old dead chip.. that's just f'n sad. Either blowtorch it yourself for free(ghetto, temporary DIY fix for free), or pay someone to replace it(job done right, costs money)... but don't pay someone else to blowtorch it, because this is paying money for the ghetto fix! When you pay for a reflow, or a reball, you are getting the worst of both worlds.