Example?you forgot option 4....
4) Spend 3-7 years developing a new tech for your devices (Apple likes to take their time and get it right). Someone else comes out with a similar tech prior to Apple letting theirs out into the wild (often a much less refined product). That company sues Apple... because hey, they had it "first".
Not saying thats the case here, but it is very often the case...
Even if you can give an example, what's your point? In intellectural property laws, the entitity which patents an idea first legally "owns" it. It doesn't matter if another company had the same idea and just didn't patent it, which would never happen at Apple, which is why you won't be able to give an example.
The only ideas that do not get patented immediately are ideas that are kept as trade secrets - and it's pretty much impossible to keep a smartphone technology a trade secret. And why do ideas always get patented immediately? Exactly to avoid the scenario you describe.