This has nothing to do with quality. Selling spare parts doesn't mean your product is better built.
Date of first release is the most reasonable.
As long as people buy them on an annual basis they will build them.
That's the key - just because you require spare parts to be available doesn't mean they will be at the component level. The spare part list could very well be: Display, casing, battery, everything else on one board.
Apple already does 5 years IIRC on the OS, and phones have become disposables for most people.
I doubt it. Differentiation in key areas enables different price points.
It's not always hatred but an understanding that laws often touted to "look after the consumer interests" don't do that and often just result in higher prices as companies recoup their costs but nothing really changes. For example, let's say the law requires a company to deliver a spare part in X days. This will result in higher inventories and potentially express mail costs, raising the costs of repair. Since some % of the inventory will be obsolete at some point and never used, that has to be added to the initial costs.