Nope, that's not how it works. Everything before the ? in a URL is a unique identifier to a page (or web resource). Anything after that can be arbitrary and doesn't affect the URL, unless the website itself is looking at (or querying) the query string.
This means that advertisers can tack on their own query parameters onto any URL without changing the URL itself. The website will only see what it needs, and ignore the rest, while the advertiser can pick up the parameters that they added.
An advertiser can't invent their own URLs for a website. They'd be pointing to a resource that likely wouldn't exist.
I'm curious how Apple's feature determines which parameters can safely be removed? As a website developer, I haven't used query string parameters in 20+ years because they are ugly, but any existing websites still using query string parameters for functionality could theoretically be broken by this feature.