The system is designed to rapid charge to 80% or so and then trickle charge it the rest of the way to 100%. The reason is that Lithium Ion batteries are volatile and nobody wants "My device exploded"/"My device burst into flames" stories.
If you could remove the "trickle" (filter), it would likely charge right to 100% just as fast as it did to 80%... but then you'd probably be one of the ones with a story about a spontaneous fire/burst.
Does it take the same amount of energy for the last 20%? I don't know. Logically, I would say it doesn't but there's room for anything when wild guessing.
Do you get more for your money charging to 80%? That's "eye of the beholder." There is some kind of use life logic in play that says not "topping off" will extend useful battery life. On the other hand, you may find yourself in situation where the other 20% would have made a meaningful difference and no way to recharge at such times.
My own approach is to buy the 80% idea most of the time. However, if I know I'm about the use the laptop for an extended period of time but do not know if I'll have access or opportunity to electricity, I'll go ahead and charge it the other 20%. By the end of such days, I'm down towards 0%-20% but also getting to wherever I'm traveling... and thus regaining easy access to a recharge. There, I'm back on the 80% train... until perhaps the return trip where I may go on up to 100% again for the travel day.
In short: selective "full" to fit situations where I don't know if I'll have access to a recharge but anticipate heavy use... otherwise playing along with the idea of 80% perhaps being better for general purpose use.
Is this the best possible way? Who knows? It's just the way I choose to go. If the battery wears out too much over time before it's time to replace the device, I'll pay the price to put in a new battery and restart the process.