Anyone else seeing an ad for "Ransomware Defense For Dummies" while reading this thread?
Exploits of this sort are essentially web pages designed to behave badly. And by "behave badly," I mean to behave in ways that skirt or violate web conventions (like being able to close/dismiss a page at will). At one end of the spectrum might be "mouse-over" activation of media-rich ads (or so large on an iPhone screen that you can't help but touch them as you scroll) - these get served-up fairly regularly when I browse MacRumors. They're placed through Google and other legitimate advertising networks. I'd rather they didn't occur, and I'm sure if they annoyed me a bit more, I'd do something to defeat them.
At the other end of the spectrum are these "scareware/ransomware" popups that prevent closure altogether, or that induce people to unwittingly download adware and junk software. These are coupled with outright lies: "You have a virus! Do NOT close your browser! Call this toll-free number now!!" or "Your Adobe Flash is out of date. To view videos, download now." Along with phishing email, they're classic examples of marketplace fraud/crime.
Is it more likely these will occur at "shady" web sites? Yes. But before you blame the victim, very large numbers are victimized on the "legitimate" web, lured in by garden-variety clickbait. Should they be more discerning about which Google search result they click as they pursue free online games or funny animal videos? Sure. Some people are more easily deceived than others, but I doubt there's anyone who's 100% fool-proof.
This particular article makes it seem as if this "ransomware" is a new, novel exploit. It's really one of many exploits of the sort, many that have already been defeated by other browser patches and updates. This is just the latest in a series, and they will continue as long as technology changes - new tech brings new opportunities. Chrome and Firefox are even bigger targets than Safari, are just as likely to be susceptible, and have been patched just as frequently.