Technically, you're wrong. It's not like you do it for 11 months and 29 days then get to 1 year and lose 2.5%, then another year and lose the other 2.5%. Using your figures, if you lose 5% battery over 2 years then yeah some damage has been done by doing it for 2 days.
The point isn't that no damage is done, because that's just not true. The point is what you said in the remainder of your post. Damage is done, but it's so infinitesimally small that over 2 nights your probably wouldn't ever notice and even if you did it for years it would be overshadowed by battery wear from other factors.