Why are people so concerned about future proofing their laptop? Most dont even keep it more than 3 years.
Besides, if macos runs fine on a basic 2011 mba with 4gb of ram why does a 2018 mba with double the ram needs to re-double?
how much future proofing do you need really?
macOS High Sierra runs fine on a 4 GB 2011 MBP if you don't do anything with it. However, even with light usage you will sometimes get the spinning beachball of death. OTOH, if you upgrade that thing to 8 GB, it is much smoother.
How do I know?
I currently have a 16 GB MacBook 2017, an 8 GB MacBook Pro 2009 (upgraded from 4, after having 2 GB previously), and an 8 GB MacBook 2008 (upgraded from 4, after having 2 GB previously). In fact, I ran the 8 GB MacBook Pro 2009 beside the 4 GB MacBook 2008 for several months before finally caving and upgrading the MacBook 2008 to 8 GB. While the MacBook 2008 was only a kitchen surfing and recipe machine, it would still get the occasional beachballs, and those were just annoying to someone used to not seeing them on other machines.
IMO, 2 GB is nearly unusable, and 4 GB is really only really light usage. IMO 8 GB should be the minimum for most users for a new machine, and 16 for very heavy multitaskers, especially if there is more than one user. (If my wife logs in, she never logs out. I figure it's about 2 GB per extra user.)
Actually for me, the sweet spot on a laptop would be 12 GB I think (baking in the fact that I keep my laptops 5+ years) but that option doesn't exist. For my iMac I went with 24 GB just because it's user upgradable and the extra 16 GB of 3rd party ram is uber cheap, although in all honestly, 16 would likely have been OK.
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BTW, while not everyone needs 16 GB, the argument that it's stupid to pair 16 GB with a Y series processor is... well... stupid. As has been mentioned, for many people the CPU power of Y series machines is sufficient for most usage now. What trips people up are two things: 1) Lack of SSD, and 2) Lack of RAM.
On my Macs, much of what I do is business type applications, which can often take up a fair bit of RAM, but which don't actually stress the CPU that much.
tl;dr:
With a current version of macOS, 2 GB is horrible, 4 GB is OK for light usage but even for light usage 8 GB is noticeably better. Most may not need 16 GB, but many heavy multitaskers do.
For me, I think 12 GB on a laptop and 16 GB on a desktop would be perfect, but I went with 16 on the laptop (since 12 GB wasn't an option) and 24 GB on the desktop (because extra RAM was cheap as borscht).