Given your original requirements (Secure OS, no fan noise, nice screen, need Windows and Linux), I'd say go with a Panther Lake powered Dell or Lenovo (Dell has reintroduced the XPS line with Panther Lake). As for AI, Microsoft has been a lot more invasive with AI in the OS than Apple (though that is in part to how Apple has repeatedly fumbled their AI implementation - hopefully, macOS Golden Gate will allow either through Settings or Terminal to disable their AI features).
Since you used Macs in the past with Bootcamp and you boot into Linux (or use WSL) occasionally, I’d stick with a Windows system as Win11ARM in Parallels will not cut it for many apps (although I was lucky enough to have everything I need run in Win11ARM and thus retired my 2019 Intel MBP in March for an M5 Max). A system with Intel Core Ultra 5 338H with Arc B370 should give a good balance of performance and graphics performance (including ray tracing) especially for CAD while minimizing fan noise which is important to you. You can go up a level to a system with Intel Core Ultra X7 358H with Arc B390 for additional graphical performance, but in general the Intel Graphics/Arc GPUs are going to show up around ~50% slower than the 20-core GPU in the M5 Pro (Intel Core Ultra X9 388H with Arc Pro B390 will get you closer to M5 Pro graphics performance but will still trail M5 Pro and will cost a lot more). But these are synthetic benchmark results. For CAD and your workflow, you may not notice much difference unless you plan to export large videos or play games. Combining an Intel Arrow Lake CPU with an Nvidia GPU will give you the best graphics performance and comparable to or exceed the M5 Pro depending on the system, but this is where you will encounter a lot more fan noise. So I’d stick with Panther Lake CPUs and Intel GPUs if you want the quietest/quieter Windows experience.
Here are some results if you're interested.
Geekbench 6 GPU (OpenCL)
M5 Pro (18-core): 88467
X7 358H: 58162
338H: 48283
Cinebench R23 CPU (Single Core/Multi Core)
M5 Pro (18-core): 2554 / 33955
X7 358H: 2074 / 16570
338H: 2044 / 16331
3DMark (Steel Nomad - Raster)
M5 Pro (18-core): 2338
X7 358H: 1667
338H: 1384
3DMark (Solar Bay - Ray Tracing)
M5 Pro (18-core): 47115
X7 358H: 30578
338H: 25259
https://www.notebookcheck.net/Intel-Core-Ultra-5-338H-Processor-Benchmarks-and-Specs.1196619.0.html
https://www.notebookcheck.net/Intel...Lake-iGPU-Benchmarks-and-Specs.1193672.0.html
https://www.notebookcheck.net/Intel...Lake-iGPU-Benchmarks-and-Specs.1169503.0.html