Actually I would argue exactly the opposite. Every piece of silicon is pretty much identical to similar units
And you would be wrong. Most CPU's are stamped from the same sheet yet are highly variable. The ones that can tolerate more heat are rated for higher speeds. The ones that can tolerate less heat are rated for slower speeds. There are a large amount that are simply discarded.
otherwise the failure rate would be astronomical.
It is fairly high. Not all CPU's are put into machines. They are tested, and if they fail, they test them at a slower speed. If they pass at that speed, that is the speed at which they are rated.
All processors are more or less the same die and are theoretically capable of running at the highest clock speed, but are extremely variable.
The ones that "fail" are slowed down until they no longer fail and sold to OEM's or equipment makers.
This happens even when they come out of the exact same fab.
Granted, there are small variations between machines, but this is to do with the environment they're in and the software they're running rather than significant differences between similar chips and whatnot.
You are incorrect.
It is also why true benchmarking is hard unless you use a large sample.
The same CPU can run 5-10C hotter than another, and still be within themal spec. The hotter one will throttle more quickly though and will be more prone to electromigration.
Fortunately, most people will not notice.
Will your new MBA be faster than the old one?
Maybe. It's entirely possible.
Then agin, maybe not.
Unless Apple is garantee that you will see x% better performance in a particular app, you won't be able to do anything anyway.
The point is that I don't think the people who did the tests are rabid Mac bashers. I don't think this was some large conspiracy to crap on the MBA.
To the contrary, they like it.
Perhaps they also had a hotter than usual chip. They should have posted temps. This would have helped us figure it out.
The outcome of the test is also EASILY explainable for those that care to consider the explanation.
Some will hear nothing of it, though.
There is logic, and there is religion.
Mac users are kind of split down the middle as to how they approach things.