"While Apple introduced Activation Lock with iOS 7, preventing stolen phones from being reactivated without an iCloud password, theft of Apple products continues to be an issue for users who have not activated iCloud or upgraded to iOS 7."
Should read "... continues to be an issue for users who have had their phone stolen."
Activation Lock prevents the phone from being reactivated, not stolen. A thief stealing phones is probably stealing for volume. If 2 out of the 10 phones he steals is AL'd he still has 8 left to sell. The thieves aren't taking the time to see what model phone and version of OS you're running. If they steal one with AL, they will probably smash it and move on.
Activation Lock is nice to have but it's not the "be all - end all". I don't know what is. I do know the thief will not know the phone has AL until after they've stolen it.