But doesn't REQUIRE the cellular connection. It's just that the GPS is built into the cellular chip.
The GPS "hardware" is built into the cellular data chip. Most wi-fi only android tablets do have GPS.
Switching off cellular activity on the phone still allows the GPS service to work.
These are correct.
Why? Because aGPS is GPS chip set + assistance from towers. The theory is, you are already connected to cellular towers, so use that information to triangulate your location as best as possible, and then the GPS will find the exact location.
That's a common misconception, but no, cell towers are not about what A-GPS means for iOS devices.
A-GPS in their case (and for all other current smartphones) means instantly downloading the latest satellite status and orbits from an Assistance server on the network, instead of slowly searching for and downloading the info from the satellites themselves.
While your last known position, or a rough location from cell or WiFi locating methods, can be used to seed a position calculation, those are totally separate locating methods and are not necessary.
--
Part of the confusion is that for GSM E911, towers are used to triangulate a phone's position. However, that information is never sent to the phone itself. It only goes to the emergency call center.
--
Further confusing things is the fact that there IS a form of A-GPS where network towers and servers actively assist a phone calculate its position, but that type of two-way assistance is found only on CDMA networks like Verizon.
Virtually every Verizon phone has had a GPS chip in it since ~2002, for E911 and optional navigation services. For CDMA E911, the phone sends its GPS information to the network where that info is combined with tower info to pinpoint your location. For navigation apps on dumbphones with slow CPUS and limited memory, the position is sent back to the phone.
Why not something like "Enhanced GPS" or "Accelerated GPS"?
Interestingly, there are new combination methods called E-GPS and X-GPS which actually do use multiple input sources (cell, wifi, GPS) together in calculations, instead of separately using each method as iOS and other smartphones currently do.