From the Ars Technica quote, it looks like they are going off of the estimate, which we all know is wildly inaccurate half of the time.
It isn't wildly inaccurate, it just can't predict the future. It continuously takes timed samples of battery capacity depletion over time to figure out an average rate. As long as you continue the same task(s) (watching a film for example, with little-to-no interactions), you will get a very decent estimate of battery life. It's very simple and effective, if you understand that it isn't magic and can't figure out that in 5 minutes time you're going to have finished your Word document and start streaming 1080p video on YouTube.