I just had similar problems (black screen with flashing cursor) trying to boot into Windows 10 on my cMP 5,1 -- fixed by installing
rEFInd.
Previously it worked fine (most of the time) using the Option key after the boot chime and selecting the Windows drive. But a few days after moving my Windows SSD from the optical bay to drive bay 2, and adding a 2nd GPU, I noticed Windows would no longer load. At first I assumed something had corrupted the drive, and started researching Windows Recovery options. Luckily I found this thread!
Just as users natjonesart and Auggie observed, if I removed the PCIe SSD card holding my OS X boot drive (and two other drives), suddenly I could boot into Windows no problem -- so clearly the drive was fine.
In a
different thread, ActionableMango described 6 possible ways of fixing this problem (thank you!), and ultimately I took the suggestion to install rEFInd as an alternative boot manager. I took the easy path, using the provided "refind-install" script, and it just worked -- including fixing my problem with booting to Windows 10. Apple's built-in option key boot screen is still available so you aren't losing anything by installing rEFInd, and it's clearly a better boot manager that is faster and fully configurable. It saved me a day of investigating arcane Windows boot tech, so I made a donation.
In El Capitan and above, you must temporarily turn off SIP before installing rEFInd, then turn it back on. Speaking of which, there is a convenient feature in rEFInd you can enable in the refind.conf file that lets you toggle SIP on and off, without having to boot into Recovery mode.
I noticed that the rEFInd boot screen labels my Windows drive as "(Legacy)", which I think means it is configured for BIOS rather than EFI boot. I did a clean install of Windows 7 on this drive about 3 years ago, then upgraded it to Windows 10 late last year. Perhaps if I had done a clean install of Windows 10 I wouldn't have encountered this problem.